Author Question: Which medication administered for delirium under a controlled environment can reduce the duration ... (Read 69 times)

EAugust · **on:** Jul 11, 2018

Which medication administered for delirium under a controlled environment can reduce the duration and severity of delirium for high-risk patients?

a. Haloperidol (Haldol)
b. Thioridazine (Mellaril)
c. Fluphenazine (Prolixin)
d. Chlorpromazine (Thorazine)

Question 2

Which physiological change in the brain is the reason the nurse allows more time for answering questions with older adults?

a. Increased secretion of cholinesterase
b. Decreased secretion of neurotransmitters
c. Loss of spinal cord and brainstem neurons
d. Atrophy of dendrites in the cerebral cortex

Kaytorgator · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 11, 2018

Answer to Question 1

A

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A Correct. Haloperidol administered in low doses helped to reduce the severity and duration of delirium for high-risk patients following hip surgery; however, haloperidol therapy did not reduce the incidence of delirium in this group. In addition, atypical antipsychotic medications can also be effective when admi-nistered in low doses under controlled circumstances.
B Incorrect. Thioridazine is a typical antipsychotic and not indicated in the pre-vention of delirium.
C Incorrect. Fluphenazine is a typical antipsychotic and not indicated in the pre-vention of delirium.
D Incorrect. Chlorpromazine is a typical antipsychotic and not indicated in the prevention of delirium.

Answer to Question 2

D

Feedback
A Incorrect. The secretion of cholinesterase, the enzyme that inactivates acetyl-choline in the synapse, does not increase with aging.
B Incorrect. Changes in the transmission of neurotransmitters are associated with the atrophy of dendrites.
C Incorrect. The spinal cord and the cerebral cortex lose neurons with age, the ce-rebral cortex more than the spinal cord.
D Correct. Dendrites are the receiving end of neurons (receiving electrochemical signals) and the branched ends extending from the cell body. The atrophy of dendrites contributes to slower thought processes with aging because the syn-apses are impaired; this changes the transmission of neurotransmitters that are vital in the transmission of an electrical impulse from neuron to neuron.