Author Question: A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which of these nursing ... (Read 38 times)

iveyjurea · **on:** Jul 11, 2018

A nurse plans the diet for an older adult with congestive heart failure. Which of these nursing interventions would be most successful to encourage optimal nutrition?

A) Encourage calorie supplements.
B) Provide 55 of calories from complex carbohydrates.
C) Teach older adults to sit upright for 2 hours after a meal.
D) Use moderate to large amounts of flavor enhancers.

Question 2

A 70-year-old client with urosepsis is admitted to a nursing unit. The labs include elevated sodium, blood urea nitrogen, hematocrit, and albumin. Which of the following nursing diagnoses is priority for this client?

A) Constipation
B) Fluid volume deficit
C) Imbalanced nutrition: less than body requirements
D) Impaired tissue perfusion

joshraies · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 11, 2018

Answer to Question 1

Ans: B
Dietary guidelines for older adults recommend a daily intake of five to nine servings of fruits and vegetables; 55 of calories need to come from complex carbohydrates. Older adults need fewer calories with increased quality of nutrients in their nutritional requirements. Older adults with presbyesophagus must sit upright for 30 minutes to 1 hour after eating. Flavor enhancers (except lemon) contain sodium and need to be used in small amounts for older adults who have a diminished sense of taste.

Answer to Question 2

Ans: B
The appropriate nursing diagnosis is fluid volume deficit. Blood values that may be altered in dehydration include elevations in sodium, hematocrit, creatinine, osmolality, and blood urea nitrogen. While the client may develop constipation, it is not the priority at this time. Albumin will be decreased with poor nutrition but increased with dehydration. An elevation in these labs does not implicate impaired tissue perfusion.