Answer to Question 1
Ans: B
Allowing the resident with a history of falls to walk with the help of an assistant places emphasis on quality of life with the best possible health and safety outcomes. Telling the resident about his or her schedule for the day does not address safety or autonomy. It is not quality of life to discourage the resident from participating in activities (even if tired). Advising the resident not to attend church because the resident is not Catholic is unethical.
Answer to Question 2
Ans: D
Medical directives focus on the right to refuse treatment and address the person's desires for medical treatment in certain circumstances. The durable power of attorney for health care must be initiated when the person is competent, but it takes effect only when the person is incapacitated. Medical directives cannot guarantee that a medical intervention will be completed, but they give assurances that the person's preferences will be considered.