Answer to Question 1
ANS: A
Fluid intake of at least 1.5 L/day, unless contraindicated, is the cornerstone of constipation ther-apy, with fluids coming mainly from water. A gradual increase in fiber, either as supplements or incorporated into the diet, is generally recommended. Fiber helps stools become bulkier and soft-er and move through the body more quickly. Physical activity is important as an intervention to stimulate colon motility and bowel evacuation. Daily walking for 20-30 minutes, if tolerated, is helpful, especially after a meal. Aluminum hydroxide antacids are known to be constipating.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: A
Deviations from normal bowel and bladder toileting can lead to chastisement, ostracism, and so-cial withdrawal. By addressing incontinency issues prior to social interactions, such negative re-sponses can be minimized. While toileting is appropriate, it does not directly address the social impact that may result from soiled and/or odorous clothing. Providing peri-care and clean under-clothing is necessary only if incontinency has occurred. Asking to toilet the client is not neces-sarily an effective intervention when the client is consistently incontinent.
Nursing care delivery models
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A therapist assisting an amputee patient to regain mobility and strength after amputation.
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