The family member of a patient asks if vitamin C will prevent ...

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The family member of a patient asks if vitamin C will prevent aging. In formulating an appropri-ate response, the nurse considers the:
 
  a. free radical theory.
  b. autoimmune theory.
  c. wear-and-tear theory.
  d. continuity theory.

Question 2

Which of the following factors contribute to poor outcomes for older adults during transitions of care? (Select all that apply.)
 
  a. Inability to read and understand discharge instructions
  b. Inadequate financial resources to purchase medications
  c. Lack of desire to comply with discharge instructions
  d. Improved medication reconciliation during hospitalization
  e. High levels of nurse-patient engagement

[Jody Vaughn]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A
The free radical theory posits that aging is a result of random damage from free radicals. Re-search is ongoing on the ability of substances with antioxidant effects to counter the actions of free radicals. For many years it was thought that consumption of supplemental antioxidants, such as vitamin C, could delay or minimize the effects of aging. However, it is now known that the intake of supplemental antioxidants can be deleterious to one's health. The autoimmune theory posits that the cells of the immune system become progressively more diversified with age and lose self-regulatory ability. The use of vitamin C is not associated with this theory. The wear-and-tear theory posits that cellular errors are the result of wearing out over time due to con-stant use. The continuity theory is a sociological theory that deals with the tendency of individu-als to develop and maintain consistent patterns of behavior throughout their lives.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A, B
Language and literacy levels and socioeconomic factors are major contributors to poor transitions of care for older adults. A high level of nurse-patient engagement contributes to safe and effec-tive transitions. Medication reconciliation during hospitalization, at discharge and after discharge, decreases medication discrepancies, which are the most prevalent adverse event following hospi-tal discharge. There is no evidence that patients lack the desire to comply with discharge instruc-tions.

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Thank you

[Jody Vaughn]

Happy to help you