Answer to Question 1
A
A patient who is anxious, confused, and experiencing sensory perceptual alterations needs help coping with the environment. Nurses should identify themselves whenever entering the room, giving both their name and title, and provide simple explanations and directives. The other options are inadvisable.
Answer to Question 2
C
Older adult patients metabolize drugs more slowly as a result of declining liver function. Excretion might also be slowed. Drugs might accumulate until toxic levels are reached and cognitive symptoms appear. Anticholinergic drugs, antihistamines, and antiarrhythmia drugs are of particular concern. For this reason, families need to be aware of the drugs that older adults are using and the possible interactions among the drugs, and be alert for early symptoms of cognitive disturbance. Although older adults are more prone to delirium, it's important to provide more specific information to the family. None of the other options are correct.