Answer to Question 1
B
Waking up with headaches and sore throat are manifestations of sleep apnea. Family members often say the patient snores loudly during the night and wakes up gasping. The nurse should as-sess for these other signs of the disorder. The other questions may or may not be appropriate if the patient does not snore at night.
Answer to Question 2
B
Older adults have a high rate of discontinuation of opiates because of the resulting constipation. The treatment for constipation, especially that which is opioid induced, is readily available and should be provided as a preventive measure before starting narcotic pain medication. The other actions do not address this issue.