Author Question: 0A researcher hypothesizes that women will display greater willingness to help (Read 1192 times)

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0   A researcher hypothesizes that women will display greater willingness to help than men in certain situations.  While conducting the study, she unconsciously encourages women to be helpful by smiling, nodding, and making more eye contact with them than with men.  This is an example of
   a.   demand characteristics
   b.   the reverse-causality problem
   c.   experimenter bias
   d.   low external validity




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