Which one of the following statements most accurately describes behaviorists' view of how learning can best be studied?
a. Psychologists can determine how learning occurs only if they can identify its physiological basis.
b. Asking people to describe what they're thinking as they study is likely to yield the most accurate results.
c. To study learning scientifically, researchers must confine their investigations to animal research in a laboratory setting.
d. The study of learning will be more objective and scientific if only observable events are considered.
Question 2
Some early psychologists argued that thinking cannot be observed and so cannot be studied objectively and scientifically. How would a cognitive psychologist be most likely to respond to this argument?
a. Modern technology allows us to examine thought processes in a very precise manner.
b. By studying people's responses to various stimuli, we can draw inferences about the thought processes that underlie those responses.
c. We study mental events, which are not necessarily the same thing as thinking.'
d. We can determine what people are thinking simply by asking them what they are thinking. The things they say are observable behaviors that we can measure objectively.
Cone of Learning (adapted from Dale).
A Simple Model of the Learning Process
Medial view of left cerebral hemisphere & Superolateral view of thalamus
Development of the Nervous System: Dorsal View
Superior view of transverse section through eyeballs and brain