Some performance assessments focus on processes, whereas others focus on products. Which one of the following pairs best illustrates this distinction?
a. Observing how a student solves algebra problems vs. observing how a student tackles geometry proofs
b. Observing how a student goes about developing a computer program vs. observing how well the final program actually works
c. Observing how a student speaks during an oral presentation in class vs. observing how the student interacts with peers informally in class and at lunch
d. Observing a student's watercolor painting vs. observing a student's clay sculpture
Question 2
We show Antoinette two identical glasses containing equal amounts of water. We pour the water from one glass into a wide, shallow bowl. Antoinette tells us that the other glass has more water than the bowl does. (You may recognize this as Piaget's conservation-of-liquid task.) We ask Antoinette to explain why she thinks the glass and bowl have different amounts of water so that we can identify possible strategies to help her develop conservation of liquid. By doing so, we are engaging in performance assessment of __________ for purposes of __________ evaluation.
a. a product; formative
b. a product; summative
c. a process; formative
d. extended performance; summative
Early in the twentieth century, when malnutrition was common, companies such as this one advertised
The processes involved in urine formation.
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