David is continually fighting with other children. Devise a plan to eliminate the fighting by using a combination of (1) reinforcement of incompatible behavior and (2) punishment. In your discussion, be sure to explain:
a. What incompatible behavior(s) you will reinforce
b. What reinforcer you will use, and why
c. What punishment you will use, and why
Question 2
In each of the following situations, a student either is learning or has learned something. (1) Classify each of the situations as involving either classical or instrumental conditioning. (2) Defend your answer by analyzing the situation within the context of the learning paradigm you have chosen.
a. When James begins running down the hall toward the cafeteria, his teacher asks him to walk instead. James begins walking, and the teacher gives him a smile. After that, James always makes sure that he walks rather than runs to the cafeteria.
b. Ralph's friend offers him an illegal drug. Ralph takes the drug and finds that it makes him feel great. Ralph begins to buy the drug himself and takes it more and more frequently.
c. Linda is a bright, academically capable girl. Once when she was sick, she failed an important test. Now she is very anxious whenever she takes a test.
Body plan axes in animals and plants
The segmented body plan of an annelid, as illustrated by an earthworm.
Nursing care plan anxiety
Olmsted, Vaux & Co., General plan of Riverside, Illinois.
Plan of the Parthenon
Principles of Pediatric Nursing: Caring for Children (Ball et al.)