Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: As warm, humid air is drawn into the supercell, it spins counterclockwise as it rises. Near the top of the storm, strong winds push the rising air to the northeast. Heavy precipitation falling northeast of the updraft mixes with drier air. Evaporative cooling chills the air. The heavy rain-chilled air then descends as a strong downdraft called the forward-flank downdraft.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: A particularly devastating outbreak occurred on May 3, 1999, when 78 tornadoes marched across parts of Texas, Kansas, and Oklahoma. One tornado, whose width at times reached one mile and whose wind speed was measured by a portable Doppler radar at 262 knots (301 mi/hr), moved through parts of Oklahoma City and the suburb of Moore. Within its 38-mile path, it damaged or destroyed thousands of homes, injured nearly 600 people, claimed 36 lives, and caused over 1 billion in property damage.
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