Answer to Question 1
ANSWER: Based on Wien's Law, if the Sun were to cool to a lower temperature, the Sun would emit a peak in radiation at longer wavelengths. The longer wavelengths would be shifted toward the lower energy red portion of the visible spectrum. At present, the top of Earth's atmosphere reflects shorter blue wavelengths of light. If the Sun's energy spectrum were to be shifted, the Earth's atmosphere would be impacted by longer wavelengths of light and create a redder atmosphere.
Answer to Question 2
ANSWER: Students should describe that removing water vapor would have the greatest impact because water vapor is a strong absorber of infrared radiation and because atmospheric concentrations of H2O are much higher than concentrations of CO2
A simulated-color map of the surface of Venus as measured by synthetic aperture radar on the Magella
The Sun as it appears from the surface of Earth before sunset.
Measurement of Temperature
Nonlinear increase in saturation vapor pressure with increase in temperature.
viable surface sampling using contact plates
Suppose that we have a sample space with five equally likely experimental outcomes: E1, E2, E3, ...