Answer to Question 1
In some coastal areas, organic-rich sediment matter result in great deal of biological productivity, in particular lush plant grown and spawning grounds for various organisms, i.e. coastal wetlands.
There are two general types of coastal wetlands: mangrove swamps and salt marshes.
Mangrove swamps occur between 30 N and 30 S. Sediment accumulation in these coastline tropical regions create ecosystems with high diversity. However, mangrove swamps are threatened by pollution and removal.
Salt marshes consist of mainly halophytic plants and form in estuaries and in tidal mud flats behind barrier beaches and spits. They are often characterized by branching water channels.
Answer to Question 2
A
