Answer to Question 1
In order for limestone to develop into karst topography, it must contain 80 or more of calcium carbonate, it must have a complex patterns of joints and an aerated zone; and vegetation must be present. Common features of karst topography include sink holes (dolines), karst valleys; cockpits and cones; caves and caverns; and (within caves and caverns) the varied spleothems.
Answer to Question 2
Hydration involves little chemical change in the rock and doesn't form new chemical compounds. However, it does involve a change in the structure of the rock. Hydrolysis is the decomposition of a chemical compound by reaction with water. Hydrolysis chemically breaks down a mineral, thereby producing a different mineral through a chemical reaction.
Types of variation in chromosome number.
Different types of stems
Formation of the disaccharides lactose and sucrose
Different types of bone fractures
Soil formation "تكوين التربة"
Humor (Fluid Types)