Answer to Question 1
The intensity of a hurricane diminishes rapidly when it reaches land because the storm's source of warm, moist air is cut off. When an adequate supply of water vapor does not exist, condensation and the release of latent heat must diminish. In addition, friction from the increased roughness of the land surface rapidly slows surface wind speeds.
Answer to Question 2
Early cultures noticed a connection between the seasons, tides, floods, and certain celestial bodies. Because seasons, tides, and floods were important in their agriculture, they believed that the heavenly bodies also controlled this part of their lives.