Answer to Question 1
The specific heat of land and water (greater for water than land), the opacity (water is transparent, and land is opaque), mixing of heated material (heated water mixes with cooler water below; this does not happen on land), and evaporation (far greater for water than land).
Answer to Question 2
Windward coasts will experience the full moderating influence of the oceancool summers and mild winterscompared to an inland location at the same latitude. Leeward coasts will have a more continental temperature regime because the winds do not carry the ocean's influence onshore. Mountains can act as barriers that cut off the moderating influence of the ocean.