Answer to Question 1
The best known shield volcanoes in the United States are on (and make up the) Hawaiian Islands. Other examples include Prospect Peak in California, the Galapagos Islands, and Iceland.
Answer to Question 2
Cinder cones are built from ejected basaltic lava fragments that begin to harden in flight to produce the vesicular rock scoria. These pyroclastic fragments range in size from fine ash to bombs that may exceed a meter in diameter. However, most of the volume of a cinder cone consists of pea- to walnut-sized fragments that are markedly vesicular and have a black to reddish-brown color.