Answer to Question 1
A positive ion has lost one or more electrons, leaving the positively charged protons in the nucleus without a balancing negative charge on the particle, resulting in a positively charged ion. A negative ion has gained one or more electrons, adding more negative charge to the orbital shells, resulting in a negatively charged ion.
Answer to Question 2
An ion is an atom that has become positively charged or negatively charged by losing one or more valence electrons or gaining one or more valence electrons, respectively.
negative feedback mechanism
Continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) device. The sleeping subject is receiving the benefits of
Atom formation
The cell wall of a Gram-negative bacterium, E. coli
The “inside positive” rule
Negative reciprocal