Answer to Question 1
Answer: Material-oriented manufacturing is located close to the source of the raw material for one of two reasons. The first reason is that the raw material is heavy or bulky, and manufacturing reduces that weight or bulk. The second is that some raw materials are perishable and need immediate processing. Examples include: production of steel, and manufacturing cheese from milk.
Market-oriented manufacturing is located close to the market, either because the processing increases the perishability of the product or because the processing adds bulk or weight to the product. Examples include: baking bread, bottling soda.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: The dissemination of information can be as important as the dissemination of goods and materials. The degree to which citizens of a country enjoy access to sources of information can reveal its economic development and political liberty, and it can also promote these two values. The increased intensity of communication accelerates the spread of political and cultural ideas. Access to the Internet is a basic measure of communication infrastructure today. Mobile phones, broadband speed, and personal computer ownership are also meaningful measures of a country's ability to exchange information. Increased access and use of digital communication technology also suggests the increasing importance of new economic activities.
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Litter and nesting material
A slave market in Marrakesh, Morocco. This lithograph is from the 1800s.
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