Learners develop either performance or mastery goals based on ...

[Hungry!]

Learners develop either performance or mastery goals based on their implicit beliefs
  about
 
  a. effort
  b. intelligence
  c. strategy usefulness
  d. how helpful the teacher is

Question 2

When training the dolphin to jump through a loop, the trainer starts at a height of one foot
  above the water and increases the height one foot per week. Eventually the dolphin can jump
  through a hoop ten feet above water. This is an illustration of:
 
  a. deliberate practice.
  b. trial-and-error.
  c. shaping.
  d. chaining.

[cascooper22]

Answer to Question 1

b

Answer to Question 2

D