Which of the following is the most likely reason that learners' misconceptions are hard to change?
a. Schools often teach misconceptions as part of the curriculum in the early grades.
b. Teachers often hold their own misconceptions about content and share that knowledge with learners.
c. Misconceptions make sense to the individual, and changing the misconception is disequilibrating.
d. Parents often undermine information schools teach with their own misconceptions.
Question 2
Which of the following is the least accurate description of the teacher's role in instruction based on social influences on learning and knowledge construction compared to teacher-centered learning activities, such as lecture?
a. Teachers' roles will change from presenting and explaining information to guiding student understanding.
b. Teachers' roles will become less important in instruction based on social influences on learning and knowledge construction, since instruction based on these principles requires that students take more responsibility for their own learning.
c. Teachers' roles in planning will be more complex for instruction based on social influences on learning and knowledge construction, because teachers will need to plan for social interaction and the learning environment in addition to goals and learning activities.
d. Teachers will need more expertise when grounding instruction in social influences on learning and knowledge construction, because instruction based on these principles is more complex and sophisticated than are teacher-centered learning activities, such as lecture.