At Henderson Elementary School, grades are not assigned to kindergarten or first-grade students; instead, teachers check satisfactory or unsatisfactory. As a result, the teachers don't use formal assessments, instead relying on their informal observations of the students' behavior. Based on this information, which of the following is the most accurate statement?
a. Their assessments are likely to be valid but not reliable.
b. Their assessments are likely to be reliable but not valid.
c. Their assessments are likely to be both valid and reliable.
d. Their assessments are likely to be both invalid and unreliable.
Question 2
Kathee Proctor doesn't give language arts or math tests to her second graders. I don't see the need for them, she argues. I have particular things I want to see in their work, and I collect language arts writing papers a couple days a week, and I listen carefully to the way they answer math questions in class. I have plenty of information to use in assigning grades. Based on this information, which of the following is the most accurate statement?
a. Her assessments are likely to be both valid and reliable.
b. Her assessments are likely to be valid but not reliable.
c. Her assessments are likely to be reliable but not valid.
d. Her assessments are likely to be both invalid and unreliable.