When Mrs. Delgado, Adam's teacher, saw that Adam was struggling, she attempted to adapt her instruction to better meet his needs. She helped him develop learning strategies, such as highlighting important vocabulary, using a dictionary, and reading his assignments aloud. She also talked to his parents about providing him with a place to study that was free of distractions. None of these adaptations was successful. Which of the following was his teacher using in an attempt to determine if Adam had a learning problem?
a. A discrepancy model
b. A response-to-intervention model
c. A learning-strategies model
d. A disability model
Question 2
Sara, a seventh grader, is eager to respond to questions in class, and regularly raises her hand to respond. However, in spite of her efforts, Mr. Edwards calls on one of her classmates each time. This process continues for the next two days with the same results. The third day Sara sits quietly, not raising her hand. Focusing on Sara's behavior, the case study best illustrates:
a. the negative reinforcement of a behavior.
b. non-reinforcement resulting in extinction of a behavior.
c. the elimination of a behavior through classical conditioning.
d. the elimination of a behavior through removal punishment.
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