Should students ever be allowed to fail at classroom tasks? According to social cognitive theorists, the answer is:
a. Yes. Self-efficacy is highest when students fail at a task several times in a row before accomplishing it successfully.
b. Yes. Occasional failures interspersed among frequent successes teach students that perseverance pays off.
c. No. Failure gives students the message that school is not an enjoyable place to be.
d. No. Even a single failure can significantly deflate students' self-efficacy.
Question 2
Which one of the following instructional objectives most clearly focuses on students' higher-level thinking skills?
a. Students will describe the laws of momentum and inertia.
b. Students will use the laws of momentum and inertia to explain how objects move.
c. Students will take accurate notes during a lecture on momentum and inertia.
d. Students will learn formulas that involve momentum and inertia.
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