Which one of the following statements best illustrates the concept of reciprocal causation?
a. Individuals are more likely to imitate a behavior for which they have seen others reinforced.
b. Modeling can occur only when an individual is capable of performing an observed behavior.
c. People are unlikely to exhibit a behavior that will probably be punished.
d. The environment alters behavior, but behavior alters the environment as well.
Question 2
Ms. Jefferson promises her students special treats if they turn in their homework assignments the next day. But the following day Ms. Jefferson forgets to bring the treats she promised. From the perspective of social cognitive theory, what has just happened to the students who turned in their homework assignments?
a. They have been punished for doing so.
b. They have been negatively reinforced for doing so.
c. They have been vicariously reinforced for doing so.
d. Their behavior has been extinguished.
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