Answer to Question 1
The loss of humus and the consequent collapse of topsoil is referred to as the mineralization of the soil, because what is left is just the gritty mineral contentsand, silt, and claydevoid of humus. The loss of topsoil would mean the mutually supportive relationship between plants and soil is broken. When mineralization occurs, the soil is no longer able to support plants.
Answer to Question 2
Detritus is the food source for decomposers and detritus feeders. These organisms consume the detritus for energy and nutrients and release carbon dioxide, water, and minerals into the soil. The undigested portion of detritus excreted by the soil organisms is called humus. As minerals go through the guts of detritus feeders (e.g., worms), the minerals adhere to the humus. The clumps of humus create the structure of soil. The soil structure is the arrangement of soil particles. Humus improves a soil's ability to hold water and nutrients and increases its workability and aeration, while improving the ability of water to infiltrate the soil.
Causes of Soil Erosion and Degradation worldwide
Soil salinization
Soil Conservation: Grassed Waterway
The consequences of crossover in the inversion loop in pericentric inversion heterozygotes
The functional consequences of mutation
The consequences of base-pair substitutions