Which experimental design is most appropriate for determining a cause and effect relationship between pornography and sexual aggression?
a. A study that relies on data obtained from anonymous surveys sent to a convenience sample of men, in which questions regarding their criminal histories and frequency of pornographic viewing are asked
b. A study in which men in a university laboratory are exposed to violent pornographic images and then their blood cortisol levels and penile erections are measured to determine approximate degrees of stress versus sexual arousal states
c. A sexologist researcher posing as a script writer for pornographic films to get to an insider's perspective on the mind set behind aggressive acts towards women in pornography
d. A sexologist researcher posing as a store clerk at an adult video store who strikes up conversations with renters of violent porn to gauge their views on violence towards women
Question 2
Which real life scenario diminishes the validity of the argument that pornography decreases violence by providing a safety valve?
a. In the Czech Republic, a government initiative aimed at decreasing sexual violence against women recruited men who were subscribers to pornographic magazines to participate in their program; thus, the success of the program may have contributed to the notion that the frequent porn viewing helps diminish sexual aggression.
b. Japan's use of public shame may be the actual cause of Japan's lower rates of sexual violence, rather than pornography working as a safety valve.
c. In Denmark, teens and males in their twenties have sex with prostitutes more than with non-prostitutes, which may be the true safety valve rather than pornography.
d. When looking at regional variations in sexual violence in the United States, sexual violence is actually highest in regions where the most pornography is viewed.
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