Given the values of the following pressures: Pleural pressure 5 ...

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Given the values of the following pressures:   Pleural pressure 5 cm H2O   Alveolar pressure 5 cm H2O   Atmospheric pressure 1034 cm H2O Calculate the transpulmonary pressure gradient as air is leaving the lungs during expiration.
 
  A. 5 cm H2O
  B. 0 cm H2O
  C. 5 cm H2O
  D. 10 cm H2O

Question 2

Which of the following complications are associated with prone positioning? I. volutrauma II. airway obstruction III. selective bronchial intubation IV. skin breakdown
 
  A. III only
  B. II, III only
  C. II, III, IV only
  D. I, II, III, IV

[karmakat49]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
A. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
B. Correct response: Transpulmonary pressure is defined as pleural pressure minus alveolar pressure that,
Ptranspulmonary = Ppleural Palveolar
= 5 cm H2O  5 H2O
= 0 cm H2O
C. Incorrect response: See explanation B.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation B.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: C
A. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation C.
C. Correct response: The exact rate of complications associated with proning and ARDS patients is unknown. However, increases in the incidence of selective bronchial intubation, airway obstruction, and pressure sores from the patient being placed in the prone position have been recorded.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation C.