Which of the following clinical problems arise from overfeeding ...

[Sufayan.ah]

Which of the following clinical problems arise from overfeeding patients receiving mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure? I. azotemia II. hyperglycemia III. fluid overload IV. hyperlipidemia
 
  A. II, IV
  B. I, II, III only
  C. I, III, IV only
  D. I, II, III, IV

Question 2

What is the relationship between malnutrition and respiratory muscle function?
 
  A. Malnutrition causes a decline in respiratory muscle function.
  B. The influence of malnutrition on respiratory muscle function is inconclusive.
  C. Data from studies investigating this relationship have found no relationship between the two.
  D. No studies have been performed regarding the relationship between respiratory muscle function and malnutrition.

[rnehls]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
A. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation D.
D. Correct response: A number of clinical problems arise from overfeeding patients receiving mechanical ventilation for respiratory failure. These problems include: (1) azotemia, (2) hyperglycemia, (3) hyperlipidemia, and (4) fluid overload. Overfeeding may increase the overall stress response and raise energy expenditure for critically ill patients receiving mechanical ventilation

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A A. A number of studies have addressed the effects of underfeeding on respiratory muscle function. For example, a study of healthy volunteers placed on modest caloric restriction for 6 months experienced a mean reduction in vital capacity, which improved to near baseline after 12 weeks of refeeding. Other studies have demonstrated that malnutrition causes a decline in respiratory muscle function, which recovers as a result of improved nutrition.
B. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
C. Incorrect response: See explanation A.
D. Incorrect response: See explanation A.