A patient who has been sedated and paralyzed by medications is ...

[jayhills49]

A patient who has been sedated and paralyzed by medications is being controlled by the ventila-tor. The set rate is 15 breaths/min. How many seconds does it take for inspiration and expiration to occur?
 
  a. 2 seconds
  b. 4 seconds
  c. 6 seconds
  d. 8 seconds

Question 2

During pressure-targeted ventilation the patient's airway resistance decreases to normal due to medication delivery. The ventilator will respond with which of the following changes?
 
  1. Altered flow waveform
  2. Increased pressure
  3. Increased volume
  4. Decrease volume
  a. 1 and 3 only
  b. 2 and 4 only
  c. 1 and 4 only
  d. 1, 2, and 3 only

[huda]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: B
60 sec/min divided by 15 breaths/min = 4 seconds

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
During pressure-targeted ventilation the pressure remains constant and the flow and volume will respond to changes in the patient lung and airway characteristics. An improvement in airway re-sistance will make it easier to put more volume into the lungs with the same pressure setting as compared to volume delivery with increased airway resistance. Since volume and flow waveform will vary with changes in airway resistance, the volume will increase and the flow waveform will change with improvements in airway resistance. In pressure-targeted ventilation the pressure does not change. A decreased volume would be the result of worsening airway resistance.