Answer to Question 1
ANS: B
Patients with COPD are at special risk of air trapping in the assist-control mode, especially if they attempt to breathe at an increased rate.
Answer to Question 2
ANS: B
Advantages of controlled ventilation include eliminating the work of breathing and complete control over the patient's inspiratory and expiratory time, flow, and pressure. In cases in which the work of breathing is high, controlled ventilation may allow for ventilatory muscle rest, reduce the O2 consumption of the ventilatory muscles, and free up O2 for delivery to the tissues. Con-trolled ventilation may allow prolonged inspiratory times and the use of 1:E ratios greater than 1:1 in cases in which other methods have failed to improve oxygenation. Disadvantages of con-trolled ventilation include the need for sedatives and perhaps paralytic drugs in the care of pa-tients with spontaneous breathing efforts. The administration of paralytic agents has been associ-ated with the development of prolonged neuropathy in some patients. Paralytic agents have no effect on the patient's level of consciousness and should not be given without concurrent and appropriate sedation. In addition, in the care of apneic patients, ventilator malfunction or dis-connection can lead to death of the patient.
Major Arteries
Examples of NANDA nursing diagnosis
Major parts of the cell and the structures located inside the cell.
Major Categories of Diseases
Major control mechanisms affecting glycolysis and gluconeogenesis
Antisense RNA control of the expression of IS10 transposase