What is the purpose of the additional side port (Murphy eye) on ...

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What is the purpose of the additional side port (Murphy eye) on most modern endotracheal tubes?
 
  a. Protect the airway against aspiration.
  b. Help ascertain proper tube position.
  c. Minimize mucosal trauma during insertion.
  d. Ensure gas flow if the main port is blocked.

Question 2

What is the standard size for endotracheal or tracheostomy tube adapters?
 
  a. 22-mm external diameter
  b. 15-mm external diameter
  c. 15-mm internal diameter
  d. 22-mm internal diameter

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Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
In addition to the beveled opening at the tip, there should be an additional side port or Murphy eye, which ensures gas flow if the main port should become obstructed. The tube cuff is perma-nently bonded to the tube body. Inflation of the cuff seals off the lower airway, either for pro-tection from aspiration or to provide positive pressure ventilation.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
The proximal end of the tube is attached to a standard adapter with a 15-mm external diameter.