Author Question: Under which of the following conditions may carbon dioxide removal be impaired? 1. When a mismatch ... (Read 33 times)

big1devin · **on:** Jul 16, 2018

Under which of the following conditions may carbon dioxide removal be impaired? 1. When a mismatch exists. 2. When the dead space ventilation/min is increased. 3. When the minute ventilation is inadequate.

a. 1 and 2 only
b. 1 and 3 only
c. 2 and 3 only
d. 1, 2, and 3

Question 2

Which of the following would you expect to find with O2 debt? 1. Accentuated in diseases such as sepsis. 2. O2 demand exceeds O2 delivery. 3. O2 excess usage results in debt.

a. 1, 2, and 3
b. 1 and 2 only
c. 2 only
d. 2 and 3 only

Athena23 · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 16, 2018

Answer to Question 1

ANS: D
Anything that decreases alveolar ventilation can impair carbon dioxide removal. A decrease in alveolar ventilation occurs when (1) the minute ventilation is inadequate, (2) the dead space ven-tilation per minute is increased, or (3) a imbalance exists.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: B
Decreases in O2 delivery result in an O2 debt, when O2 demand exceeds O2 delivery. Under conditions of O2 debt, O2 consumption becomes dependent on O2 delivery (sloped line on Figure 12-19). This in turn leads to lactic acid accumulation and metabolic acidosis. In pathologic condi-tions such as septic shock and adult respiratory distress syndrome (dotted line in Figure 12-19), this critical point may occur at levels of O2 delivery considered normal.