Answer to Question 1
A
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Packed cells are given to clients with anemia who do not need increased circulating blood volume. Whole blood is rarely used for transfusions today, except to treat massive acute hemorrhage. Platelet concentrates are used to prevent or to resolve bleeding caused by thrombocytopenia or for active bleeding disorders, such as disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC). Serum albumin is used to treat hypovolemic shock (low blood volume) or to replace albumin lost because of burns or kidney damage.
Answer to Question 2
A
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Sitz baths are frequently ordered for a female client following a vaginal hysterectomy or delivery. Amenorrhea is the absence of, or abnormal stoppage of, menses. Premenstrual syndrome (PMS), also called premenstrual tension, is associated with cyclic affective (emotional) and physical symptoms that are common in a high percentage of menstruating women. Menopause (climacteric), the cessation of menstruation, usually occurs between the ages of 45 and 50 . These conditions are not treated with sitz baths.