Answer to Question 1
A
Answer to Question 2
D
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Hypomagnesemia, a total serum magnesium level of less than 1.5 mEq/L or 1.8 mg/dL, is most commonly caused by chronic alcoholism and severe congestive heart failure (CHF) that is being aggressively treated with diuretic therapy. Hyperphosphatemia, an elevation of serum phosphate above 4.5 mg/dL, is commonly caused by decreased renal excretion; redistribution from the ICF to the ECF; or increased intake or intestinal absorption of phosphate. Hyperkalemia, a serum potassium level of 5.5 mEq/L or greater, can result from inadequate excretion (e.g., renal failure). Hypernatremia, a serum sodium level of 145 mEq/L or greater, is most commonly caused by water loss and an excess of sodium.