Answer to Question 1
A
Feedback:
Heartburn results from inadequate closure of the lower esophageal sphincter (LES). As waves of peristalsis push food through the lower esophagus, the cardiac sphincter, or LES, opens to allow food to enter and closes to keep food in the stomach. If the LES does not close adequately, the contents of the stomach can reenter the esophagus. The stomach contents contain gastric juices that are acidic. When these substances reenter the esophagus, a burning sensation can occur, resulting in heartburn. Improper relaxation of the internal anal sphincter will result in constipation. Impaired closure of the ileocecal valve and partial relaxation of the pyloric sphincter will not cause heartburn.
Answer to Question 2
C
Feedback:
A family with loss of income and health insurance is at greatest risk to developing health issues owing to the stress and worry of not being able to afford appropriate healthcare. Family members in different developmental stages may cause stress, but this is not the highest priority issue at the present time. The history of cardiovascular disease and the sedentary lifestyle issues are not going to contribute to the immediate health issue that brought the client to the hospital.
The nurse conducts the health history as the first step in the nursing assessment
Abnormal physical assessment findings
Communication during assessment
Patient teaching: rectal and anal assessment
Measuring the Chest Circumference of a Child
Equipment Used During the Physical Assessment