Author Question: An 88-year-old client has been diagnosed with heart disease and a severe heart block. Based on ... (Read 85 times)

futuristic · **on:** Jul 17, 2018

An 88-year-old client has been diagnosed with heart disease and a severe heart block.

Based on the changes in the cardiovascular system caused by aging, what is the most likely reason an older adult is at an increased risk for a heart block that requires an electrical pacemaker? A) Calcification of vessel walls
B) Lipid accumulation in the cardiovascular system
C) Decreased fibers in the bundle of His
D) Decreased number of pacemaker cells in the SA node

Question 2

A client verbalizes being very satisfied with life and is planning to go forward with art classes.

To help clients prevent potential risks or threats to their basic human needs, the nurse must be familiar with the basic human needs and identify each client's specific needs. Based on Maslow's theory of human needs, the nurse needs to document which level of this theory about this person's perspective of life? A) Physiologic
B) Security and safety
C) Shelter
D) Self-actualization

tuwy · **Reply #1 on:** Jul 17, 2018

Answer to Question 1

C
Feedback:
As an effect of aging in older adults, there is a concurrent decrease in fibers of the bundle of His, which contributes to increased incidence of heart block. In older adults, the number of pacemaker cells in the SA node decreases, increasing the incidence of sinus function dysfunction, not a heart block. Calcification of blood vessels and lipid accumulation result in valve stenosis, not heart block.

Answer to Question 2

D
Feedback:
The self-actualized person is the one who has reached his or her full potential. Thus, needs at this level are the highest-order needs. The self-actualized person is comfortable enough to plan ahead and to be creative because physiologic, security and safety, and shelter have been met.