The nurse studying the development of the American health care ...

[Pea0909berry]

The nurse studying the development of the American health care system understands that before the 1990s, health care funding was primarily
 
  a. driven by fee-for-service costs.
  b. from charitable organizations.
  c. paid for by entitlement programs.
  d. the responsibility of each state.

Question 2

A nurse manager is evaluating staff members for the strength of their professional identity and ability to contribute to the profession into the future. Which nurse best demonstrates these qualities?
 
  a. Consistently incorporates knowledge, judgment, and ethics into everyday situations
  b. Provides information on the latest research findings related to patient populations
  c. Serves as the research champion on the hospital unitbased council structure
  d. Uses evidence-based practice consistently when working with patients

[juliaf]

Answer to Question 1

A
Before the involvement of the federal government in health care financing in the 1990s, physicians (and health care facilities) charged a fee for services, which was generally paid for either out of pocket by the individual or by private health insurance companies.
There has always been some charitable health care, but this has not been the primary method of payment.
Entitlement programs, such as Medicare, cover health care expenses for certain designated groups.
States are involved in some health care financing but certainly not the majority of it.

Answer to Question 2

A
A nurse who consistently incorporates knowledge, judgment, and ethics into everyday situations best demonstrates these qualities. Although providing information on the latest research findings, serving as the research champion, and using evidence-based practice consistently are important actions, they are not as strong as indicators of professional identity and the potential for future professional contributions as incorporating knowledge, judgment, and ethics into everyday situations.