A less than optimal AP oblique lumbar vertebrae projection does not demonstrate the vertebra's superior and inferior articular processes in profile and the corresponding zygapophyseal joint spaces are closed.
a. To obtain an optimal projection, move the central ray superiorly.
b. The laminae will also be obscured on this projection.
c. If the pedicles are also demonstrated at the midpoint of the vertebral bodies on this projection, the patient was rotated less than 45-degrees.
d. If the pedicles are also demonstrated adjacent to the vertebra's lateral vertebral body borders on this projection, the patient would need to rotate more to obtain an optimal projection.
Question 2
An AP axial coccygeal projection demonstrates the symphysis pubis superimposed over the sec-ond and third coccygeal vertebrae. How was the positioning setup mispositioned for such a pro-jection to be obtained?
a. The patient was rotated.
b. The central ray was angled too caudally.
c. The central ray was angled too cephalically.
d. The patient's legs were extended.
A lumbar puncture. The needle is inserted between the lumbar vertebrae and into the spinal canal.
Lumbar puncture.
Demonstrate the Application of Triangular, Figure-Eight, and Tubular Bandages
Lumbar Plexus
The Cervical Vertebrae: Cervical Spine Articulations
The Thoracic Vertebrae: Right Lateral View of Vertebra