Which of the following describes a medical breakthrough that has greatly reduced prenatal diseases and fetal abnormalities?
a. Chorionic villus sampling (CVS) to detect blood-borne conditions.
b. Microarrays that detect DNA irregularities.
c. In utero medical and surgical techniques.
d. Noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT).
Question 2
Paula is amazed when she looks at the behaviors and personalities of her two children. Her 11-year-old daughter is assertive, likes to be the center of attention, is almost hypercompetitive, and always willing to take risks. Paula's daughter will argue a point when she thinks she is right and can even be stubborn at times. She seems much older than her eleven years of age and always ends up in the captain or leadership role. In contrast, Paula's 9-year-old son is very passive, avoids having his picture taken, hates to be the center of attention, seems to like reflection over action, will not take risks and typically avoids opportunities for adventure. Paula finds it hard to believe her two children are biologically related. She is convinced she raised them in the same type of environment and utilized the same principles of reinforcement and punishment. How might you use social cognitive theory to explain some of the differences in behavior and personality of Paula's children?
What will be an ideal response?
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