The nurse is assessing a child according to Kohlberg's ...

[viki]

The nurse is assessing a child according to Kohlberg's developmental theory. Which statement would support the belief the child is showing appropriate behaviors of the pre-conventional state? Select all that apply.
 
  a. If I pick up my toys, can I get an ice cream cone?
  b. I can't watch cartoons when I don't pick up my toys.
  c. I always pick up my toys because mommy needs my help.
  d. When I pick up all of my toys I make mommy very happy.
  e. If I don't pick up my toys, mommy could trip on them and fall.

Question 2

A child who has been physically abused becomes emotionally distorted when told that the parent will no longer be allowed to visit. Which principle of social learning theory is most likely for the child's response?
 
  a. The child views the abuse to be more desirable than the parent leaving.
  b. The parent has fostered a fear in the child that increases when they are apart.
  c. The child believes that he is responsible for the parent now being punished.
  d. The parent has likely told the child that he deserved the abuse as a punishment.

[millet]

Answer to Question 1

ANS: A, B, E
The pre-conventional stage (4-10 years) involves a punishment-obedience orientation as well as an instrumental relativist orientation. The remaining options are reflective of a higher level of development.

Answer to Question 2

ANS: A
Social theory states that reinforcement value is subjective and influenced by past experiences. For most children, parental punishment is a negative outcome with low reinforcement value. However, for some children who suffer from parental abuse, the abuse has a high reinforce-ment value, because it is more desirable than abandonment. The remaining options are not supported by the social theory.