Answer to Question 1
Answer: 1
Explanation: The key to maintaining boundaries is for the nurse to be intentional in developing the therapeutic relationship with a patient. For example, a nurse meeting a patient for the first time introduces himself or herself as a professional involved in the patient's care, rather than informally telling the patient his or her name and making a comment about the weather, the patient's appearance, or a topic unrelated to patient care. The use of caring, shared goals, and shared knowledge do not aid in the nurse's attempt to maintain professional boundaries within the nurse-patient relationship.
Answer to Question 2
Answer: 4
Explanation: Countertransference occurs when the nurse's previous experiences trigger reactions that have nothing to do with the current patient. In this case, the emergency department nurse labels the patient with depression as crazy, and identifies the patient with her own family member. Transference is similar to countertransference; however, this occurs in patients, not nurses. Ethnocentrism occurs when an individual judges another individual's values, culture, and beliefs based solely on the judging individual's own culture. Cultural relativism is the concept that beliefs, customs, and ethics of an individual must be considered within that individual's own culture, to evaluate whether the individual deviates from his or her own culture.
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