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When blood is exposed to air, it clots. Heparin allows the blood to come in direct contact with air without clotting.
The people with the highest levels of LDL are Mexican American males and non-Hispanic black females.
Interferon was scarce and expensive until 1980, when the interferon gene was inserted into bacteria using recombinant DNA technology, allowing for mass cultivation and purification from bacterial cultures.
The average office desk has 400 times more bacteria on it than a toilet.
For about 100 years, scientists thought that peptic ulcers were caused by stress, spicy food, and alcohol. Later, researchers added stomach acid to the list of causes and began treating ulcers with antacids. Now it is known that peptic ulcers are predominantly caused by Helicobacter pylori, a spiral-shaped bacterium that normally exist in the stomach.