Which of the following best represents the outcome of the work done to determine what
personal traits can be used to predict leader effectiveness?
a. Researchers were unable to identify more than a small number of traits.
b. The studies were quite successful, and we can now hire leaders based on results of
tests that detect certain appropriate traits.
c. A very long list of traits and the presence of alternative explanations for results
made the studies of little value.
d. The trait studies were much more successful than the studies of leader behaviors
that preceded them.
e. None of the above.
Question 2The ability to control salary increases, promotions, praise, and interesting job assignments is
known as
a. referent power.
b. reward power.
c. rational persuasion.
d. directive leadership.
e. positive reinforcement.
A strike by 800 women shoemakers in Lynn, Massachusetts, in 1860. In 1851 a Lynn shoemaker had adapt
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