Answer to Question 1
A
Critical-thinking skills are used to determine the degree to which nursing actions have contributed to the patient's improved status. Critical thinking enables the nurse to apply an analytical focus to the patient's responses to the nursing interventions, evaluate the benefits of those interventions, and identify additional opportunities for revision. Evaluation is a critical thinking activity. It is a deliberate mechanism used to analyze and make judgments.
Answer to Question 2
1. Increased calorie intake
2. Encouraging increased rest and sleep
4. Assessing normal functioning of organ systems
Rationale:
Cancer cells grow faster than normal cells so they use more nutrients for growth, resulting in wasting, which can only be counteracted by increasing the caloric intake of the client. Increased rest and sleep gives the client's body more energy to fight the cancer cell. Because cancer cells can grow in any area of the body, it is important for the nurse to assess normal functioning of all organ systems. Decreasing oxygen supply will retard cancer cell growth but it will also retard normal cell health. While clients should not be inactive, they should be taught to reduce activity to reduce weight loss and provide more energy to the healthy cells.
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