Which of these is thought to be a causative factor of spina ...

[vicotolentino]

Which of these is thought to be a causative factor of spina bifida?
 
  a. maternal rubella infection c. maternal folic-acid deficiency
  b. fetal prematurity d. fetal infection

Question 2

A nurse is palpating the hemodialysis access site and does not feel a thrill. Which of these steps should the nurse take next?
 
  a. Administer a heparin flush to the cannula.
  b. Place an absorbent dressing over the site.
  c. Check the site with a Doppler stethoscope to confirm finding.
  d. Notify the health care provider.

[dreamfighter72]

Answer to Question 1

C
Spina bifida is a neural tube defect caused by an incomplete closure of the vertebrae and neural tube; the meninges and spinal cord protrude through the opening secondary to maternal folic-acid deficiency. The degree of neurological impairment depends on the location and the size of the defect. The infant may have hydrocephalus and genitourinary and orthopedic defects. Surgery is required. The infant's membranous sac must be assessed for intactness. The infant must also be assessed for reflexes and neurological impairment.

Answer to Question 2

C
If a thrill is not palpated when assessing the hemodialysis access site, the nurse's next action would be to assess with a Doppler stethoscope to confirm finding prior to notifying the physician.

[vicotolentino]

Thank you!

[dreamfighter72]

Always glad to help...