In addition to depressed mood or loss of interest in previously ...

[Chelseaamend]

In addition to depressed mood or loss of interest in previously enjoyable activities, to be diagnosed as having a major depressive episode a client must exhibit at least four other symptoms, such as:
 
  a. changes in appetite or weight, sleep disturbance, fatigue, and feelings of worthlessness
  b. flight of ideas, body aches, feeling empty, and overeating
  c. suicidal ideations, threatening behavior, loss of control, and moderate anxiety
  d. difficulty making decisions, hallucinations, hyperactivity, and irritability

Question 2

The nursing student is aware that the cause of peptic ulcers is related to:
 
  a. acid/pepsin imbalance
  b. erosive gastritis that starts to bleed
  c. impaired mucosal defenses
  d. high secretion of HCl (hydrochloric acid)

[TINA]

Answer to Question 1

A
Depression is a state of extreme sadness, hopelessness, and helplessness. The client may also experience insomnia, hypersomnia, or a change in eating patterns. Other common symptoms of depression include lethargy, decreased libido, frequent crying spells, racing thoughts, difficulty concentrating, forgetfulness, and thoughts of suicide. The client may also have body aches and pains, and irritability or crankiness rather than sadness.

Answer to Question 2

A
Peptic ulcers are mucosal erosions that occur in the esophagus, stomach, or duodenum as the result of acid/pepsin imbalance.