Answer to Question 1
D
Normal flora usually does not cause disease, but instead help to maintain health. The number and variety of flora maintain a sensitive balance with other microorganisms to prevent infection. The body's normal flora is made up of a large numbers of microorganisms residing on the surface and deep layers of the skin, in the saliva and oral mucosa, and in the intestinal walls. Any factor that disrupts this balance places a person at increased risk for infection. For example, the use of broad-spectrum antibiotics for the treatment of infection eliminates or changes normal bacterial flora, often leading to suprainfection. Microorganisms resistant to antibiotics then cause serious infection.
Answer to Question 2
B
Sleep is a period of rest in which physiologic activities and consciousness are partially suspended and there is no voluntary physical activity. Rest is a state of mental and physical relaxation and calmness. What is considered to be restful varies with each person. Rest and sleep are affected by many factors, including degree of comfort, anxiety, environment, lifestyle, diet, drugs, age, and physical factors such as illness.
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