Answer to Question 1
A
The body loses muscle strength when muscles are inactive. The rate of muscle decline varies with the degree of immobility, but it is rapid while mobility and weight bearing are restricted. These effects are devastating to patients who are marginally functional with their ADLs. This fatigue is a result of the bed rest, not from advanced age or urinary stasis. Reduced metabolism, not increased, leads to a loss of muscle and body mass, causing fatigue with prolonged activity. Urinary stasis does not affect activity level, but can lead to urinary tract infections.
Answer to Question 2
D
Three factors contribute to venous thrombus formation: (1) loss of integrity of the vessel wall (e.g., injury), (2) abnormalities of blood flow (e.g., slow blood flow in calf veins associated with bed rest), and (3) alterations in blood constituents (e.g., a change in clotting factors or increased platelet activity). These three factors are referred to as Virchow's triad. Disuse, atrophy, and shortening of muscle fibers and surrounding joint tissues cause joint contracture, not deep vein thrombosis.
Building competency in patient centered care
Grief Responses and Patient Verbalization
A patient with goiter due to iodine deficiency.
Patient with DiGeorge syndrome. Note low set ears and wide set downward slanting eyes; often these ...
A batter hits a home run in which the ball travels 110 m horizontally with no appreciable ...